PRONOUNS:
Personal pronouns in english are also known as nominal I personal pronouns .They are those that refer to grammatical person .
Are these :
I yo
You tu
He el
She ella
It eso
We nosotros
They ellos
example :
I :
I am a teacher. / yo soy profesor
I live in Argentina. / yo vivo en argentina
YOU:
you ou are a student / tu eres estudiante
you live in korea / tu vives en corea
HE :
Bill is married./ bill esta casado
He has two children./ el tiene dos hijos
SHE:
Mary is not married./mary no esta casada
She doesn't have any children./ ella no tiene hijos
IT:
It is late already /esta tarde ya
I have a house it is big / tengo una casa y es grande
WE:
We are here to learn /nosotros estamos aquí para aprender
We want to learn soon /nosotros queremos aprender pronto
THEY:
They live in italy /ellos viven en Italia V
They speak english / ellos hablan ingles
bibliography:
TOBE:
Verb to be is one of the verbs that more is used in english and is an irregular verb , so it is important to know well how it is conjugated and when it is used .
Conjugation of the verb "to be"
SIMPLE TIMES :
subject present past
I am was
YOU are were
HE is was
SHE is was
IT is was
WE are were
THEY are were
COMMOM USES OF TO BE :
AGE
In english , to be used to talk about age example:
I am twenty years old / tengo veinte años
My twin brothers are five years old / mis hermanos gemelos tienen cinco años
DESCRIPTION:
To be is used to give other description , including height , weight , nationality , and the color of something or sormone example:
Her eyes are green / sus ojos son verdes
This book is new / este libro es nuevo
OCCUPATIONS AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS :
To be is used to talk about occupations and personal relationships example:
I'm a doctor / soy doctor
Liz is my sister / liz es mi hermana
THE TIME AND DATE :
To be used to give the time and date , to give the time in english ,the third person of the singular is always occupied (is,was) example:
Today is wednesday / hoy es miercoles
It was four in the morning / eran las cuatro de la madrugada
LOCATIONS:
To be is used to talk about the location of something or some place example:
The book is not on the table /el libro no esta sobre la mesa
The book is not on the table /el libro no esta sobre la mesa
My house is next to the library / mi casa esta al lado de la biblioteca
TO BE AS AUXILIARY VERB :
| pronoun | time present | time past | time future |
|---|
| I |
am going
|
was going
|
will be going
|
| You |
are going
|
were going
|
will be going
|
| He/She/It |
is going
|
was going
|
will be going
|
| We |
are going
|
were going
|
will be going
|
| They |
are going
|
were going
|
will be going
|
I am going to the store / estoy yendo a la tienda
I was going to the library /estaba yendo a la biblioteca
videos con explicacion
bibliography:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS :
The present continuous is used to talk about something that is happening at the moment we speak . To form the present continuous the auxiliary verb "to be" and the verb + ing are used
sujeto auxiliar to be verbo ing
I am talking ,eating,learning ...
he ,she ,it is doing , going ....
you , we,they are watching , driving
STRUCTURE:
1.Affirmative setences :
subject + verb auxiliary "to be " + verb + ing
Example :
I'm talking /estoy hablando
He's eating /esta comiendo
They're learning / estan aprendiendo
He's sleeping / ella esta durmiendo
It's raining / esta lloviendo
We're planning a party / nosotros estamos planeando una fiesta
She's traveling to europe / ella esta viajando a europa
They're waiting for you / ellos te estan esperando
He's taking a bath / el se esta bañando
I'm having my dance lesson / yo estoy tomando mi leccion de baile
2Negative setences :
subject + verb auxiliary " to be " + auxiliary negative "not" + verb +ing
- You aren’t (You are not)
- He isn’t (He is not)
- She isn’t (She is not)
- It isn’t (It is not)
- We aren’t (We are not)
- They aren’t (They are not)
Example :
I'm not talking / no estoy hablando
She isn't cleaning the room now / ella no esta limpiando la habitacion ahora
She isn't looking for the book which she lost / ella no esta buscando el libro que perdio
He isn’t watching his favorite television program / el no esta viendo su programa de television favorito
They aren’t eating in the restaurant on the corner / ellos no estan comiendo en el restaurantee de la esquina
They are not playing in the park / Ellos no están jugando en el parque
The plane is not leaving the airport /El avión no está saliendo del aeropuerto
They are not playing chess / Ellos no están jugando ajedrez
You are not working very hard / Tú no estás trabajando muy duro
He is not speaking German. / Él no está hablando alemán
3 interrogative setences :
verb auxiliary "to be"+ subject + verb + ing + ?
Example:
Is he speaking German? /¿Él está hablando alemán?
Is someone knocking the door? /¿Alguien está tocando la puerta?
Are they selling books there? /¿Ellos están vendiendo libros allí?
Are you talking to me?/ ¿estas hablando conmigo ?
Is he learning korean in his new class?/ ¿esta aprendiendo coreano en su nueva escuela ?
Is she doing the work of two people? /¿Ella está haciendo el trabajo de dos personas?
Is she reading the newspaper in the living room? (¿Ella está leyendo el periódico en la sala?
Are they playing in the park? /¿Ellos están jugando en el parque?
they are watching TV ?/¿ ellos estan viendo television ?
is he eating pizza? /¿ el esta comiendo pizza ?
videos :
bibliography
SIMPLE PRESENT :
The present simple is used to talk about things that happen usually
RULES :
1.if the verb ends in s, ch , o ,x ,must be added is at the end to avoid clash of consonantsexample:
Wash-Washes Teach-Teaches
2 if the verb ends or is added , it es at the end of the verb
example:
Do-Does Go-Goes
3 if the verb ends in Y this is eliminated and ies is added at the end of the verb
example:
study-studies fly-flies
4 some verbs end in Y only s are addeb at the end
example:
play-plays say-says
5 finally there are verbs that completely change their writing to conjugate third person singular
example:
have - has
STRUCTURE :
AFFIRMATIVE:
pronoun + verb + complement
I, you we,they
example:
you work very hard / tu trabajas muy duro
I talk / yo hablo
pronoun + verb with s,es,ies +complement
she , he ,it
example:
He eats /el come
she reads the newspaper every day /ella lee el periodico todos los dias
NEGATIVE:
pronoun + do + not + verb +complement
I,you,we,they
example:
I do not talk / yo no hablo
you do not work very hard / tu no trabajas duro
pronoun + does + not + simple verb + complement
she , he , it doesn't
example:
She does not read the newspaper every day
He does not eat / el no come
INTERROGATIVE:
do + pronoun + verb
does
examples:
AFFIRMATIVE:
I take a shower every day
I wash my face every day morning
I comb my hair every day
My sister always goes to school
My mom always goes to work
My friend usually shave every day
My sister take a bath at night
I make the bed every day
I sleep every night
My mom put on makeup every day
NEGATIVE:
I do not put on makeup
My sister does not walk the dog every day
My mom does not do the laundry every day
My sister does not take the bus to school
I do not iron my clothes every day
I do not take a bath at night
My friend does not go to school
My mom does not go to the store
My mom does not sleep at night
I do not wash the dishes every day
INTERROGATIVE :
Does he always walk to school? /¿Él siempre camina para ir a la escuela?)
Does the dog chase the cat all around the house? /¿El perro persigue al gato por toda la casa?
Do they always play tennis on Sundays? /¿Ellos siempre juegan tenis los domingos?)
Do we eat together every day? /¿Nosotros comemos juntos todos los días?)
Does she eat in the cafeteria every day? /¿Ella come en la cafetería todos los días?
Does she attend church every day? /¿Ella va a la iglesia todos los días?)
Do you speak several foreign languages? /¿Tú hablas varias lenguas extranjeras?
Do we go to the movies every weekend? /¿Nosotros vamos al cine cada fin de semana?
Does she play the piano every afternoon? /¿Ella toca el piano cada tarde?)
Do you drive to work every morning? /¿Tú conduces al trabajo todas las mañanas?
blibigraphy :
videos:
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